![]() ![]() The " mulberry", a mobile concrete harbor, allowed the Allies to supply their soldiers on the beach without capturing one of the heavily-defended Channel ports. The Allies developed new technology for Overlord. Meanwhile, the Allies made great efforts to make the Germans think that the invasion would happen elsewhere. The Allies would then control the land between the Loire River in the south and Seine River in the northeast. Next, the Allies would go 125 miles (190 km) to the southwest of Paris. Railways and roads in northern France would be bombed to block reinforcements for the defenders. Then, Brittany and its Atlantic ports would be captured. The goal for the first 40 days was to capture Caen and Cherbourg, the latter for its important deep-water port. He planned a 90-day battle, ending when all the forces reached the Seine. On 7 April and 15 May, Bernard Montgomery presented his plan for the invasion. If peat had to be travelled on, the plan was to lay down matting. The planners knew that heavy tanks and transport could not travel on the beaches, which had soft peat underneath them. Maps of the beaches of Normandy were created. ![]() Men of the British 22nd Independent Parachute Company, 6th Airborne Division being briefed for the invasion, 4–5 June 1944Īllied troops made many practice landings to understand how to land correctly. Almost three million troops crossed the English Channel from England to Normandy, in German-occupied France. Operation Overlord was the largest and deadliest amphibious assault in the history of warfare. Nine other nations also sent units: Australia, Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Greece, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, and Poland. The main Allied forces came from the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. The Battle of Normandy raged until German forces retreated across the Seine on 30 August 1944, which marked the close of Operation Overlord. That might have failed, and heavy casualties were expected, even if it succeeded. The most critical part was the Normandy landings, which were to get the Allied armies onto the mainland of Europe. It was fought by the Allied forces against German forces. Operation Overlord was the 1944 campaign for the invasion of continental Europe in World War II. Gerd von Rundstedt ( Oberbefehlshaber West)įriedrich Dollmann ( 7.Armee Oberkommando) † Trafford Leigh-Mallory (Air Commander in Chief)īertram Ramsay (Naval Commander in Chief) Arthur Tedder (Deputy Supreme Allied Commander)īernard Montgomery ( 21st Army Group, Ground Forces Commander in Chief) ![]()
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